The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape Tung Thanh Le, Zacharias Andreadakis, Arun Kumar, Raúl Gómez Román, Stig Tollefsen, Melanie Saville and Stephen Mayhew Fig. Profile of vaccine developers. Finally, there are already licensed vaccines based on recombinant proteins for other diseases, and so such candidates could take advantage of existing large-scale production capacity. Lead developers of active COVID-19 vaccine candidates are distributed across 19 countries, which collectively account for over three-quarters of the global population. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's COVID Data Tracker shows that 109,905,530 COVID-19 vaccine doses have been delivered in the US, and 82,572,848 have been administered, with 27,795,980 Americans fully vaccinated. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Table of contents. We urge the global vaccine community to collectively mobilize the technical and financial support needed to successfully address the COVID-19 pandemic through a global vaccination programme, and provide a strong base to tackle future pandemics. Fig. An essential round-up of science news, opinion and analysis, delivered to your inbox every weekday. Vaccines for COVID-19: The Developing Landscape. The COVID-19 candidate vaccine landscape and tracker database compiles detailed information on COVID-19 vaccine candidates in development. So far, at least 10 developers have indicated plans to develop adjuvanted vaccines against COVID-19, and vaccine developers including GlaxoSmithKline, Seqirus and Dynavax have committed to making licensed adjuvants (AS03, MF59 and CpG 1018, respectively) available for use with novel COVID-19 vaccines developed by others. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 19, 305-306 (2020). The genetic sequence of SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes COVID-19, was published on 11 January 2020, triggering intense global R&D activity to develop a vaccine against the disease. any of these landscape documents does not constitute, and shall not be deemed or construed as, any approval or endorsement by WHO of such product or entity (or any of its businesses or activities). A striking feature of the vaccine development landscape for COVID-19 is the range of technology platforms being evaluated, including nucleic acid (DNA and RNA), virus-like particle, peptide, viral vector (replicating and non-replicating), recombinant protein, live attenuated virus and inactivated virus approaches (Fig. CNN's Patrick Oppman speaks to some of the scientists working on the potential breakthrough. Of the confirmed active vaccine candidates, 56 (72%) are being developed by private/industry developers, with the remaining 22 (28%) of projects being led by academic, public sector and other non-profit organizations (Fig. The COVID-19 candidate vaccine landscape and tracker. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov website; WHO. Of the 78 confirmed active projects, 73 are currently at exploratory or preclinical stages. The approaches being applied for COVID-19 development — which involve a new virus target and often novel vaccine technology platforms and novel development paradigms as well — are likely to increase the risks associated with delivering a licensed vaccine, and will require careful evaluation of effectiveness and safety at each step. These landscape documents have been prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO) for information purposes only concerning the 2019-2020 pandemic of the novel coronavirus. The global vaccine R&D effort in response to the COVID-19 pandemic is unprecedented in terms of scale and speed. DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccines - Contract Development and Manufacturing Landscape" report has been added to … WHO also disclaims any and all liability or responsibility In Asia and the Pacific, less than 2 doses are administered per 100 people. *Excluding China. Given the imperative for speed, there is an indication that vaccines could be available under emergency use or similar protocols by early 2021. The recent approvals of Pfizer / BioNTech’s and Moderna’s mRNA vaccines in healthy patients, complemented by the historically unmatched magnitude to reach healthy patients worldwide, has helped surpass many barriers for mRNA vaccines while highlighting this novel mechanism of action. For some platforms, adjuvants could enhance immunogenicity and make lower doses viable, thereby enabling vaccination of more people without compromising protection. any of these landscape documents does not constitute, and shall not be deemed or construed as, any approval or endorsement by WHO of such product or entity (or any of its businesses or activities). For example, the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID‑19 vaccine must be shipped and stored between −80 and −60 °C (−112 and −76 °F), must be used within five days of thawing, and has a minimum order of 975 doses, making it unlikely to be rolled out in settings other than large, well-equipped hospitals. The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines is a modern scientific marvel. COVID-19 vaccine market landscape Findings from the Expression of Interest (EOI) that UNICEF conducted with developers and manufacturers on their plans for COVID-19 vaccines. Most candidates for which information is available aim to induce neutralizing antibodies against the viral spike (S) protein, preventing uptake via the human ACE2 receptor. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. She leads with strength, organization and … Both existing and novel approaches to vaccine development are being investigated (see Table 1). CEPI is a funder of some of the vaccine projects highlighted in this article. It is conceivable that some vaccine platforms may be better suited to specific population subtypes (such as the elderly, children, pregnant women or immunocompromised patients). Inclusion of any particular product or entity in provides summary tables of COVID-19 vaccine candidates in both clinical and pre-clinical development; provides analysis and visualization for several COVID-19 vaccine candidate categories; tracks the progress of each vaccine from pre-clinical, Phase 1, Phase 2 through to Phase 3 efficacy studies and including Phase 4 registered as interventional studies; provides links to published reports on safety, immunogenicity and efficacy data of the vaccine candidates; includes information on key attributes of each vaccine candidate and. As of October 14, approximately 192 to 213 vaccines are in development globally for COVID-19 and at least 11 are in Phase 2/3 or Phase 3 clinical trials. Finally, strong international coordination and cooperation between vaccine developers, regulators, policymakers, funders, public health bodies and governments will be needed to ensure that promising late-stage vaccine candidates can be manufactured in sufficient quantities and equitably supplied to all affected areas, particularly low-resource regions. The AMA is tracking the developments on the COVID-19 (2019 novel coronavirus) outbreak, including vaccine developments. The World Trade Organization's chief on Tuesday called for action on boosting COVID-19 vaccine production in developing countries as several members of … indicated plans to initiate human testing in 2020, for development of the first Ebola vaccine, necessitate novel vaccine development paradigms, cite attrition rates for licensed vaccines of more than 90%, COVID-19-specific animal models are being developed, strong international coordination and cooperation, https://doi.org/10.1038/d41573-020-00073-5. The COVID-19 vaccine R&D landscape has developed at unprecedented scale and speed since our initial analysis in April identified 115 candidates in the … and JavaScript. When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. We have also shared our landscape information with others in the global health ecosystem to help improve coordination in the COVID-19 outbreak response and enable global resources and capabilities to be directed towards the most promising vaccine candidates. The landscape is updated regularly - twice a week (Tuesday and Friday, 17:00 CET). Officials at the World Health Organization have warned that the world is on the brink of “catastrophic moral failure” as poor countries fall behind. Our landscape database includes vaccine development programmes reported through the WHO’s authoritative and continually updated list, along with other projects identified from publicly available and proprietary sources (see Supplementary Box 1). University Hospital of Muenster (UKM), WWU, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology. The brief presents data on the status of COVID-19 vaccine development and provides recommendations for addressing challenges in distribution and logistics, including vaccine storage and … Nature Reviews Drug Discovery Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape Nat Rev Drug Discov. ISSN 1474-1784 (online). This presentation will give an update on progress and setbacks, going into depth on vaccine technologies, current clinical trials, and vaccine deployment. The Blueprint documented a "large, international, multi-site, individually randomized controlled clinical trial" to allow "the concurrent evaluation of the benefits and risks of each promising candidate vaccine within 3–6 months of it being made available for the trial." 2020 Oct;19(10):667-668. doi: 10.1038/d41573-020-00151-8. COVID-19 Vaccine Candidates in Development. COVID-19 vaccines: research and development. Fig. To obtain 1). Coronavirus disease outbreak (COVID-2019), Coronavirus disease outbreak (COVID-19) », Status of COVID-19 Vaccines within WHO EUL/PQ evaluation process, Draft landscape and tracker of COVID-19 candidate vaccines. However, there is currently no public information on vaccine development activity in Africa or Latin America, although vaccine manufacturing capacity and regulatory frameworks exist in these regions. The R&D Blueprint team is responsible for developing the COVID-19 candidate vaccine landscape database. Many of these platforms are not currently the basis for licensed vaccines, but experience in fields such as oncology is encouraging developers to exploit the opportunities that next-generation approaches offer for increased speed of development and manufacture. The US Department of Justice has seized a fifth domain name used to impersonate the official site of a biotechnology company involved in COVID-19 vaccine development. The landscape provides insights into key characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine R&D and serves as a resource for ongoing portfolio management at CEPI. All FT coverage of Covid-19 vaccines Vaccine rollouts in advanced economies are largely outpacing those in emerging and developing economies — even in countries with similar death rates. Public information on the specific SARS-CoV-2 antigen(s) used in vaccine development is limited. Internet Explorer). All data from independent institutions and vaccine developers are welcome to provide information on vaccine candidates being developed using the information template. We thank the WHO for making the COVID-19 landscape data available. Many vaccines are under development, but so far none are available. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles So, it will be important to ensure coordination of vaccine manufacturing and supply capability and capacity to meet demand. Exploratory projects (split into confirmed and unconfirmed) are in the early planning stage with no in-vivo testing, and preclinical projects are at the stage of in-vivo testing and/or manufacturing clinical trials material. Thank you for visiting nature.com. A Look At The COVID-19 Vaccine Landscape Some of the technology behind coronavirus vaccine development dates back to the first vaccines; other … accuracy of the information presented in these landscape documents, WHO does not make any (and hereby disclaims all) representations and warranties regarding the accuracy, completeness, fitness for a particular purpose (including any of the aforementioned Find clinical guidance and more. The Blueprint listed a Global Target Product Profile (TPP) for COVID‑19, identifying favorable attributes of safe and effective vaccines under two broad categories: "v… whatsoever for any death, disability, injury, suffering, loss, damage or other prejudice of any kind that may arise from or in connection with the procurement, distribution or use of any product included in any of these landscape documents. We maintain a dynamic portfolio management approach, and will make our enabling science resources available globally. Submitted data will be made openly accessible on a regular basis to enable fast data sharing. For partnerships, the location is that of the lead developer. The European Medicines Agency (EMA) is interacting with developers of potential COVID-19 treatments and vaccines to enable promising medicines to reach patients in the European Union (EU) as soon as possible. 2). Industry benchmarks for traditional vaccine development paradigms cite attrition rates for licensed vaccines of more than 90%. COVID-19 Vaccine Development: An Update September 29, 2020 This webinar is hosted by the Canadian Public Health Association through an unrestricted educational grant from Medicago Inc. Evolution of the COVID-19 vaccine development landscape Nat Rev Drug Discov. COVID-19 Vaccine Research and Development Landscape: Supplementary Download Developed by L.E.K.’s Global Healthcare Insights Center (HIC) June 2020 Authors Tung Thanh Le, Zacharias Andreadakis, Arun Kumar, Raúl Gómez Román, Stig Tollefsen, Melanie Saville, Stephen Mayhew. Evolution of the COVID-19 vaccine development landscape. Treatments and vaccines for COVID-19: research development. As of Jan 26, 2021, the COVID-19 vaccine landscape featured 291 candidates . Indeed, Moderna started clinical testing of its mRNA-based vaccine mRNA-1273 just 2 months after sequence identification. Conflicting information on the new COVID-19 vaccine is causing concern for family physicians. As of 8 April 2020, the global COVID-19 vaccine R&D landscape includes 115 vaccine candidates (Fig. Vaccines are a critical new tool in the battle against COVID-19 and it is hugely encouraging to see so many vaccines proving successful and going into development. Draft Landscape of COVID-19 Vaccines. While WHO takes reasonable steps to verify the purposes), quality, safety, efficacy, merchantability and/or non-infringement of any information provided in these landscape documents and/or of any of the products referenced therein. As of 8 April 2020, the global COVID-19 vaccine R&D landscape includes 115 vaccine candidates (Fig. allows users to search for COVID-19 vaccines through various criteria such as vaccine platform, schedule of vaccination, route of administration, developer, trial phase and clinical endpoints. Numerous other vaccine developers have indicated plans to initiate human testing in 2020. Inclusion of any particular product or entity in Status of COVID-19 Vaccines within WHO EUL/PQ evaluation process – A guidance document listing current COVID-19 vaccine candidates undergoing assessment for WHO Emergency Use Listing (EUL) and prequalification (PQ). 2). The most advanced candidates have recently moved into clinical development, including mRNA-1273 from Moderna, Ad5-nCoV from CanSino Biologicals, INO-4800 from Inovio, and LV-SMENP-DC and pathogen-specific aAPC from Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute (Table 1). We welcome your feedback to help us update or make necessary changes, please note any updates will only be done twice a week. To facilitate this effort, we have developed and are continuously maintaining an overview of the global landscape of COVID-19 vaccine development activity. Although a number of large multinational vaccine developers (such as Janssen, Sanofi, Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline) have engaged in COVID-19 vaccine development, many of the lead developers are small and/or inexperienced in large-scale vaccine manufacture. Working as quickly as they can, scientists from across the world are collaborating and innovating to bring us tests, treatments and vaccines that will collectively save lives and end this pandemic. Most COVID-19 vaccine development activity is in North America, with 36 (46%) developers of the confirmed active vaccine candidates compared with 14 (18%) in China, 14 (18%) in Asia (excluding China) and Australia, and 14 (18%) in Europe (Fig. In April 2020, the WHO published an "R&D Blueprint (for the) novel Coronavirus" (Blueprint). Where data is missing, we either do not add any information (blank cells) or we supplement information gathered from press or public 2020 May;19(5):305-306. doi: 10.1038/d41573-020-00073-5. Biosafety-level 3 containment measures are needed for animal studies involving live-virus challenges, and the demand for these capabilities is likely to require international coordination to ensure that sufficient laboratory capacity is available. releases. COVID-19 medicines that have received EMA advice; Ongoing clinical trials in the EU; The European Medicines Agency (EMA) is interacting with developers of potential COVID-19 vaccines to enable its distribution in … However, it is unclear how different forms and/or variants of the S protein used in different candidates relate to each other, or to the genomic epidemiology of the disease. 1 | Pipeline of COVID-19 vaccine candidates by technology platform. Developing Covid-19 Vaccines at Pandemic Speed An ideal vaccine platform would support development from viral sequencing to clinical trials in less than 16 … WHO also disclaims any and all liability or responsibility Changing the landscape will require the medical insurers to pay for future vaccines. purposes), quality, safety, efficacy, merchantability and/or non-infringement of any information provided in these landscape documents and/or of any of the products referenced therein. The epidemiology of COVID-19 might differ by geography, and it is likely that effective control of the pandemic will require greater coordination and involvement of the southern hemisphere in vaccine R&D efforts. 2 | Profile of COVID-19 vaccine developers by type and geographic location. WHO's Draft landscape of COVID-19 vaccines document has been created for the purpose of compiling and updating information on the many different COVID-19 vaccine candidate trials that are taking place all around the world and the specific trial phases candidate vaccines are currently in.. Learn how you can apply solutions from labcorp to accelerate your vaccine studies and reach patients, faster. 1), of which 78 are confirmed as active and 37 are unconfirmed (development … owns stock in a COVID-19 vaccine developer that is not funded by CEPI. The landscape is updated regularly - twice a week (Tuesday and Friday, 17:00 CET). the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Montreal virologist Benoit Barbeau says Canadians should focus on getting their first shot of a COVID-19 vaccine, even as new vaccines roll out and established ones adapt to new variants. of researchers and industry for new candidate vaccines by screening registered trials for clinical information. While WHO takes reasonable steps to verify the whatsoever for any death, disability, injury, suffering, loss, damage or other prejudice of any kind that may arise from or in connection with the procurement, distribution or use of any product included in any of these landscape documents. LNP-encapsulated mRNA vaccine encoding S protein, Adenovirus type 5 vector that expresses S protein, DNA plasmid encoding S protein delivered by electroporation, DCs modified with lentiviral vector expressing synthetic minigene based on domains of selected viral proteins; administered with antigen-specific CTLs, aAPCs modified with lentiviral vector expressing synthetic minigene based on domains of selected viral proteins. The authors thank F. Kristensen, N. Lurie, and M. Christodoulou from CEPI and D. Vaughn from BMGF for guidance and inputs. Developing safe and effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines requires a cohesive approach spanning every stage of your development. The government is paying for the Covid-19 vaccine. Kathrin Jansen has made waves in healthcare having led the development of Gardasil, now the Covid-19 vaccine and others. Experience with SARS vaccine development indicates the potential for immune enhancement effects of different antigens, which is a topic of debate and could be relevant to vaccine advancement. Accelerating Your COVID-19 Vaccine Development. mRNA vaccines are already one massive development. Considering the candidates in Table 1, the novel platforms based on DNA or mRNA offer great flexibility in terms of antigen manipulation and potential for speed. accuracy of the information presented in these landscape documents, WHO does not make any (and hereby disclaims all) representations and warranties regarding the accuracy, completeness, fitness for a particular purpose (including any of the aforementioned Diversity of technology platforms. The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred advances in vaccine development at an extraordinary scale, and the LSHTM VaC tracker provides a clear testimony of this progress. Vaccines based on viral vectors offer a high level of protein expression and long-term stability, and induce strong immune responses. Authors Tung Thanh Le, Jakob P Cramer, Robert Chen, Stephen Mayhew. To ensure the latest information is available, the landscape will be updated twice a week (Tuesday and Friday, 17:00 CET) by searching, gathering and cross-checking data from multiple sources such as the Cochrane vaccine mapping tool, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP and from a network The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) is working with global health authorities and vaccine developers to support the development of vaccines against COVID-19. Covid-19 approvals showcase potential of mRNA vaccines. CEPI has recently issued a call for funding to support global COVID-19 vaccine development efforts guided by three imperatives: speed, manufacture and deployment at scale, and global access. Additional vaccine development efforts have been reported for China, and CEPI is in dialogue with the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology to confirm their status. M.S. 1 | Pipeline of COVID-19 vaccine candidates by technology platform. Different vaccines have different shipping and handling requirements. COVID-19 Vaccines Contract Development and Manufacturing Landscape Report: Analysis of Pipeline Drugs, Clinical Trials, CMO Activity, Contract Manufacturing Service Agreements, and Funding The scale of the humanitarian and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is driving evaluation of next-generation vaccine technology platforms through novel paradigms to accelerate development, and the first COVID-19 vaccine candidate entered human clinical testing with unprecedented rapidity on 16 March 2020. aAPC, artificial antigen-presenting cell; CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocyte; DC, dendritic cell; LNP, lipid nanoparticle; S protein, SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. 1), of which 78 are confirmed as active and 37 are unconfirmed (development status cannot be determined from publicly available or proprietary information sources). The COVID-19 candidate vaccine landscape and tracker database compiles detailed information on COVID-19 vaccine candidates in development. In total, the United States is approaching an average of 2 million vaccines given each day, per a New York Times analysis. As the companies race against time to develop antibiotics or vaccines against the novel coronavirus, here's what happened in the COVID-19 drug/vaccine development space in … For questions relating to the collection or sharing of data for novel COVID-19 vaccine candidates, please contact us at: [email protected]. Exploratory projects (split into confirmed and unconfirmed) are in the early planning stage In order to assess vaccine efficacy, COVID-19-specific animal models are being developed, including ACE2-transgenic mice, hamsters, ferrets and non-human primates. Cuba is attempting to make its own Covid-19 vaccine. Connect with our COVID-19 response team This would represent a fundamental step change from the traditional vaccine development pathway, which takes on average over 10 years, even compared with the accelerated 5-year timescale for development of the first Ebola vaccine, and will necessitate novel vaccine development paradigms involving parallel and adaptive development phases, innovative regulatory processes and scaling manufacturing capacity.